Methodological Evaluation of Advantages of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Screening and evaluating the diseases responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） will help to highlight the advantages of TCM treatment， and the evaluation method should be standardized with consideration to the unique characteristics of the diseases. The incidence of Sjögren's Syndrome （SS） is increasing year by year， while the pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear. Modern therapies for this disease include biological agents and immunosuppressants， which generally have unsatisfactory efficacy. The TCM treatment of SS focuses on the harmony of the physical and mental health. The Rheumatology Branch of the China Association of Chinese Medicine organizes experts in TCM， Western medicine， and evidence-based medicine to form working groups. Delphi method and bibliometric method were used for analysis， and SS was selected as a disease responding specifically to TCM. Furthermore， the evaluation system was established for this disease， and the consensus regarding this disease was reached after seminar discussion. This paper summarized the whole process of the evaluation of the advantages of TCM treatment of SS. First， because TCM atomization is widely used in clinical practice and enriches TCM administration methods， this therapy is included after other non-drug therapies were taken as characteristic therapies. Second， the evaluation indicators of therapeutic effect should be determined with consideration to international acceptance and the current research status. Third， the expression method should be accurate， standardized， and objective， highlight the natural advantages of TCM， and avoid arbitrary extension. This paper provides a reference for clinicians to explore other diseases responding specifically to TCM.

Discussion on the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Sjögren's Syndrome Based on YE Gui's Theory of “Upper Dryness Treats Qi and Lower Dryness Treats Blood” / 中医杂志

The pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome （SS） was considered to involve external dryness， internal injured essence and blood， yin-deficiency endowment， and abnormal emotion and spirit， and it was believed that SS has the characteristics of dryness and impassability， and the pathogenesis of deficiency-excess in complexity. According to the theory “upper dryness treats qi， and lower dryness treats blood” in YE Gui's monograph “Medical Records for Clinical Guidance”， the dryness was divided into upper dryness and lower dryness syndromes to be differentiated and treated. When treating dryness syndrome， the patient should follow the characteristics of the five zang organs， using soft and cool medicines， avoiding warm and dry medicines， and valuing the animal products. The upper dryness could be treated with Sangxiang Decoction （桑杏汤） to clear the qi and moisten the dryness， Qiaohe Decoction （翘荷汤） to clear the upper with pungent-cool， and Shashen Maidong Decoction （沙参麦冬汤） to nourish yin and promote the production of body fluid. The lower dryness could be treated with Fumai Decoction （复脉汤） to enrich and nourish the five kinds of fluid. Liuwei Dihuang Pill （六味地黄丸） to nourish the kidneys and supplement essence， and Wuren Pill （五仁丸） to moisten the dryness and nourish the blood， which provided a new way of thinking for differentiation of the dryness syndrome.

Prognosis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Yin-Yang Toxin Theory / 中医杂志

This paper explored the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） and yin-yang toxins based on the discussion of yin-yang toxin in Synopsis of the Golden Chamber （《金匮要略》）， and found that the two are similar in symptoms， and there is a potential relationship between adverse prognosis factors； and the idea that early treatment of SLE can improve prognosis is in accordance with the opinion in traditional Chinese medicine claiming that yin-yang toxin should be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible. Therefore， it is proposed to take yin-yang as general and toxin pathogen as key to explain the pathogenesis， use yin-yang toxin theory for guidance， discuss on the treatment of SLE around the pathological elements including “toxin， heat， stasis”， and take into account of the kidney essence. Accordingly， Shengma Biejia Decoction （升麻鳖甲汤） is recommended as the basic formula with modifications in accordance with different syndromes in staged treatment， providing reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SLE.

Study on Trimetazidine on Myocardial Mitochondrial Proteomics in Heart Failure Rats with Qi-deficiency and Blood-stasis Syndrome / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective: To investigate the effects of Trimetazidine on mitochondrial proteomic alterations in heart failure rats with qi- deficiency and blood- stasis syndrome after myocardial infarction. Methods: Heart failure models were established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery of SD rats. Rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, Trimetazidine group. 8 weeks after drug intervention, the mitochondrial proteomic alterations of myocardial tissue were detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time- of- flight mass spectrometry (MALDI- TOF- MS). Furthermore, expression levels of part of the differentially expressed proteins were verified by western blot. Results: Compared with model group, 18 differentially expressed protein spots were detected in Trimetazidine group, 10 of which were successfully identified by MALDI-TOFMS. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these differential proteins were mainly associated with energy metabolism, stress reaction, oxidative damage, cyto-skeleton, cell differentiation and proliferation. Western blot results showed that the expression of Stress-70 protein and Nucleophosmin increased and the expression of ATP-αdecreased in model group. The expression of Stress- 70 protein and Nucleophosmin decreased and the expression of ATP- αincreased in Trimetazidine group, which showed the same results in proteomics. Conclusion: Trimetazidine can partly adjust proteomic alterations of myocardial mitochondrial in HF rats with qi-deficiency and blood-stasis syndrome, and its intervention mechanism may involve improving energy metabolism, relieving stress reaction and oxidative damage, as well as regulating cell differentiation and proliferation. The results of comparative proteomic analysis performed by using 2-DE and MALDI-TOF-MS are accurate, stable and reliable.

Effect of soluble amyloid precursor protein α on nerve cell apoptosis and neurological function in subarachnoid hemorrhage rats / 中华老年心脑血管病杂志

Objective To study the effect of soluble amyloid precursor protein α (sAPPα) on nerve cell apoptosis and neurological function in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) rats.Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n=20),SAH+saline group (n=20) and SAH+sAPPα group (n=20).A SAH model was established by injecting autologous blood into cistern magna in rats.After a SAH model was established for SAH + saline group and SAH + sAPPα group by injecting saline and sAPPα respectively into the cistern magna of rats,the apoptotic cells were detected by immunofluorescene with TUNEL staining and the neurological function was scored in 10 rats from each group on day 3 after injection of sAPPα and saline.Results The number of apoptotic cells in brain tissue was significantly greater in SAH+saline group than in control group (P＜0.05) and was significantly smaller in SAH+sAPPα group than in SAH+ saline group (P＜0.05).The neurological function score was 26.7±0.5,13.9±0.7 and 23.0±0.8 respectively in control group,SAH + saline group and SAH + sAPPα group.Conclusion sAPPα alleviates secondary damage of neurological function by inhibiting the apoptosis of nerve cells in rats after SAH and can thus improve their neurological function.

Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Mirabegron Add-On Therapy to Solifenacin for Overactive Bladder / 대한배뇨장애요실금학회지

PURPOSE: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mirabegron add-on therapy to solifenacin for patients with overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review to identify all randomized, double-blind, controlled trials (RCTs) of this combination (mirabegron and solifenacin) for OAB. Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched. A manual search was also performed to investigate relevant references from the retrieved studies. RESULTS: Four publications describing 5 RCTs that compared combination therapy with solifenacin, including a total of 3,309 patients, were analyzed. The mean number of micturitions per 24 hours (mean difference [MD], -0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.65 to -0.26; P < 0.00001), number of episodes of incontinence per 24 hours (MD, -0.71; 95% CI, -0.14 to -0.02; P=0.04), volume voided per micturition, and number of urgency episodes per 24 hours demonstrated that combination therapy was more effective than solifenacin therapy alone. Safety assessments, including common treatment-emergent adverse events (odds ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.95–1.27; P=0.23) and discontinuations due to adverse events (P=0.30), demonstrated that the combination therapy was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that mirabegron therapy as an add-on to solifenacin provides a satisfactory therapeutic effect for OAB symptoms with a low occurrence of side effects.

Value of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy in diagnosing precancerous lesions of breast cancer / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy in diagnosing precancerous lesions of breast cancer.Methods Totally 605 cases were enrolled.Ultrasound characteristics were recorded.The pathological diagnosis on ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy was compared with the findings of the excisional biopsy and follow-up results.Results In all of the 605 cases,3 cases were failed on ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy because of less biopsied tissue.The accuracy of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy was 97.84％ (589/602),the Kappa value was 0.96 (P=0.01).In biopsy,42 cases were precancerous lesions of breast cancer,and divided into according group (n=32) and upgrading group (n=10) according to surgical pathology or follow-up results.The rate of underestimation was 23.81 ％ (10/ 42).Compared to according group,microcalcification,acoustic attenuation,rich vascular and suspicious axillary lymph nodes had statistical difference in upgrading group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy is ac curate in the diagnosis of breast neoplasm,however,ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy diagnosis of precancerous lesions are partly underestimated.To some degree,ultrasound characteristics of precancerous lesions of breast cancer could predict the underestimation.

Application of Occupational Functioning Model in Occupational Therapy Teaching / 中国康复理论与实践

@# Objective To discuss the application of Occupational Functioning Model (OFM) in occupational therapy teaching. Methods The students in grade 2009 and 2010 for their course of Occupational Therapy Clinical Application were included. The former were taught in routine way, and the latter were taught with OFM. They were investigated with questionnaires of satisfaction of course and teaching. Results There were 94.1% of the students felt beneficial in the clinical thinking, 86.3% in the comprehensive quality. There was more in the grade 2010 than 2009 of students reported to be benefited in such as guidance of the occupation mode for the clinical practice, independent thinking, clinical thinking, and the capability of evaluation and plan of systemic rehabilitation (P<0.05). Conclusion OFM may help students to understand occupational therapy deeply, develop the clinical thinking, and improve the comprehensive quality.

Application of Occupational Functioning Model in Occupational Therapy Teaching / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To discuss the application of Occupational Functioning Model (OFM) in occupational therapy teaching. Methods The students in grade 2009 and 2010 for their course of Occupational Therapy Clinical Application were included. The former were taught in routine way, and the latter were taught with OFM. They were investigated with questionnaires of satisfaction of course and teaching. Re-sults There were 94.1%of the students felt beneficial in the clinical thinking, 86.3%in the comprehensive quality. There was more in the grade 2010 than 2009 of students reported to be benefited in such as guidance of the occupation mode for the clinical practice, independent thinking, clinical thinking, and the capability of evaluation and plan of systemic rehabilitation (P<0.05). Conclusion OFM may help stu-dents to understand occupational therapy deeply, develop the clinical thinking, and improve the comprehensive quality.

Discussion on Pattern of Student- autonomous Laboratories Opening for Rehabilitation Specialty / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To discuss the impact of the pattern of student-autonomous laboratories opening on the experimental teaching of rehabilitation specialty. Methods Laboratories were opened to sophomore students of rehabilitation specialty. Planned opening pattern is em-ployed on students of 2009 class and autonomous opening pattern is used on students of 2010 class. At the end of each term, results of these opening patterns are compared. Results The total opening hours of planned opening pattern were 89 with 755 person-times involved. The ac-cumulated opening hours of autonomous opening pattern were 323 with 2677 person-times involved. Students of the autonomous opening pattern class achieved better academic results than students of planned opening pattern (P<0.05) in 7 major courses. Opening laboratories to students contributed to the improvement of rehabilitation skills, better understanding of the curricular knowledge, the enhancement of prob-lem-analyzing and problem solving abilities, the stimulation of interest in major study and also the fostering of teamwork spirit. And the au-tonomous opening pattern achieved more desirable results (P<0.05). Conclusion The student-autonomous lab opening pattern contributes more to the improvement of students' practical skills, innovative spirit as well as comprehensive clinical rehabilitation abilities.

Effect of early limb movement on motor function and the ability of daily life of stroke patients / 现代临床护理

Objective To investigate the effect of early limb movement on the motor function and the activities of daily life of stroke patients. Methods Eighty two stroke patients were divided into the control group(n=40)and intervention group(n=42). The former received conventional nursing care and the latter the intervention of early limb movement and routine nursing.The two groups were compared in terms of Fugl-Meyer movement function and Barthel index. Results After 12 weeks,the scores by Fugl-Meyer motor function and by Barthel index were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.01).Conclusion The intervention by early limb movement is effective for promoting the recovery of limb motor function of stroke patients as well as their ability of daily life.

Protective effect of combined administration blood-activating drug and sedative drug on acute myocardial infarction rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the protective effect of combined administration of blood-activating drug and sedative drug on myocardial injury of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model was established by occluding the left descending coronary artery of Wistar rats. These rats were further divided into four groups (n = 15 per group): the sham-operated group, the AMI model group, the blood-activating drug group and the combined administration group.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the sham-operated group, the AMI model group showed significant decrease in ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) (P < 0.001) and notable increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter (LVIDd) and left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter (LVIDs) (P < 0.01), with the infarct area of left ventricular front wall up to about 70%-90%. Besides, tissue was severely replaced by collagen deposition and fibrosis, the sarcomeres disorganized and mitochondrial abnormalized. Compared with the AMI model group, the blood-activating drug group and the combined administration group showed significant increase in the values of EF and FS (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and obvious reduction in LVIDd and LVIDs (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), with the infarction area of left ventricular front wall up to about 40%-60%. The collagen deposition and myocardium fibrosis, the disorganized sarcomeres and mitochondrial abnormalities relieved significantly. And compared with blood-activating drug group, the combined administration group demonstrated further increase in the values of EF and FS and further decrease in LVIDd and LVIDs (P < 0.05), the collagen deposition and myocardium fibrosis, the disorganized sarcomeres and mitochondrial abnormalities relieved even more in Huoxue plus Anshen prescription group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combined administration of blood-activating drug and sedative drug can further improve cardiac structure and function after myocardial ischemia infarction and have an obvious synergistic effect which may be related to sedative drug's effect of resisting lipid peroxide, stabling myocardial cell membrane and mitochondrial membrane and relieving cardiac cell injury.</p>

High-frequency ultrasound guided paracentesis for the treatment of perianal and perirectal abscess / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To explore the method and therapeutic effect of high-frequency ultrasound guided paracentesis for the treatment of perirectal abscess.Methods Thirty-three patients with perirectal abscess were treated under the guidance of high-frequency ultrasound.Results All 33 patients were treated successfully,the curative rate was 100%.Six patients were treated 3 times,6 patients were treated twice and 21 patients were treated once.Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound guided paracentesis for the treatment of perirectal abscess has the superiorities of little distress,rapid therapeutic effect without complications,worthy Of further clinical application.

Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Yiqi Huoxue Formula on TGF-β/smad signal transduction pathway and connective tissue growth factor in rats with renal interstitial fibrosis / 中西医结合学报

To observe the effects of Yiqi Huoxue Formula (YQHXF), a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/smad signal transduction pathway and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in rats with renal interstitial fibrosis

Mini-incision for frontotemporal lifting by embedding suturing / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To avoid the adverse reactions resulted from scalp scar, alopecia, operation trauma and the length of recovery and other syndromes in the traditional frontotemporal-face lifting. Methods The small incision to dissect the tissue at the frontoparietal and temporal part was used. And the muscle that caused the wrinkle was cut before lifting the dissected tissue and skin while smoothing the wrinkles on the face. Results Of 68 cases in the clinic, 11 cases were with temporal lifting by embedding suturing; 25 with temporal lifting with mini incision by embedding suturing; 32 with frontotemporal lifting with mini incision by embedding suturing. The follow up showed that the result of such operation method was satisfactory. No scalp scar, alopecia and other syndromes occurred. Conclusions This method of frontotemporal lifting with mini incision by embedding suturing has such advantages as: operating process is simple and can be done in the operating room of the Out patient Department, the trauma is not so serious that it takes little time to recover, the cut is so small that the scar is invisible, frontotemporal face lifting is very positive and satisfactory.

Single port laparoscopic treatment of inguinal hernia in children / 中国微创外科杂志

Ojective The improve laparoscopic treatment of inguinal hernia in children. Methods 40 children aged from 2 to 14 years were treated by single port laparoscopic surgery for inguinal hernia between January 1999 and December 2000. Twenty four children manifested a right inguinal hernia, 12 a left hernia, and four cases a bilateral hernia. All the patients were treated by purse-string suture around the internal ring under laparoscopy. Results The duration of operation were from 10 to 30 minutes. There was no intra-or postsurgical complication. Conclusions The single port laparoscopic surgery is a simple, conveninet, quick and safe and minimal invasive procedure for the treatment of inguinal hernia in children.

The application of laparoscopic appendectomy in elderly patients with appendicitis / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To study the advantages and summerize the practice of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) for elderly patients. Methods Forty one elderly patients with appendicitis aged from 60 to 76 were treated with LA. The operative procedure, surgical indications, recovery, postoperative pain, and complications, as well as the period and the cost for hospitalizing were studied. Results All 41 patients were comfirmed appendicitis through LA. Thirty nine patients undergone LA were operated smoothly. Only two patients were cured with exploratory laparotomy. The preoperative diagnosis was confirmed in 6 patients and the complication of other diseases were found in 5 cases by LA. Two cases were operated by abdominal incision during LA. Postoperative complications, such as infection of the incision and pain were less occurred. The concurred diseases with appendicitis need simple treating. The hospitalizing period was 4 days on the average and the cost was 20%～30% higher than other procedures. Conclusions Most of elderly patients can be early diagnosed and timely treated by LA. LA could be a more popular choice for the elderly patients with appendicitis since its advantages of safe and minimal invasion. It has been an outstandihg method in treating appendicitis compared to other traditional methods.

Laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia in children / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To study the results of an improved method of laparoscopic treatment of inguinal hernia in children. Methods Between January 1999and October 2003,94 inguinal hernias in 86 children between 2～14 years of age were treated by laparoscopic surgery using a single trocar hole. 54 children showed a right inguinal hernia, 32 a left hernia,and 8 cases presented bilateral hernias. Of the unitaleral hernias, 10 were occult hernias. All the patients were treated by purse-string suture around the internal ring under direct vision with laparoscopy. Results Operative time was from 10-30(average 16) minutes. There were no intra-or post-operative complications. All were followed up for 4-60 months, with no recurrences . Conclusions This method of laparoscopic hernia repair is less traumatic, postoperative recovery is fast and stitch removal is not necessary. It can also be used for the treatment of occult and bilateral inguinal hernias.

Effects of Carboxyl-amino-polysaccharide on Five Kinds of Models of Gastric Ulcer in Mice and Rats / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective: To observe the effect of carboxyl-amino-polysaccharide on the gastric ulcer. Methods: Various rat models of gastric ulcer were established respectively by ethanol, aspirin, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid and bound stress in water bath. Results: Inhibitory rates of carboxyl polysaccharide in the dose of 0.5, 0.33, 0.17g/kg were 42.09%, 35.55%and 33.53%for the ethanol-induced model; 53.65%, 49.48%, and 49.76%for the aspirin-induced model; 51.48%, 44.09%, and 33.64%for the hydrochloric-acid-induced model, 49.44%, 46.23%, and 45.10%for the acetic-acid-induced model and 50.12%, 44.63%and 41.92%for the bound-stress-induced model respectively. Conclusion: Carboxyl-amino-polysaccharide can prevent and treat gastric ulcer. Its effect is similar to that of denol, famotidine and cimetidine.